There has been an increase in the use and abuse of the substances such as alcohol, drugs, and cigarettes. Substance abuse is defined as harmful use of these substances in order to alter the mood. Generally, substance abuse is referred to the use of illegal drugs as these are potentially addictive and can pose negative health effects. However, alcohol, inhalants, solvents and even coffee can be abused. Hence, almost any substance can be used to a harmful extent and can be abused. Substance abuse results in health deterioration irrespective of addiction. Chaotic home environment, genetic risks, poor social coping skills and inappropriate behavior are some of the factors that may cause substance abuse. Early recognition of substance abuse symptoms can increase the chances of successful treatment.